The exhaust gas energy of the engine is used to drive the turbocharger, which is called exhaust gas turbocharging (turbocharging for short). The exhaust gas turbocharging system is shown in the figure. The exhaust gas turbocharger is characterized by the absence of a mechanical connection between the turbocharger and the engine.
They communicate with each other by air. Since the work used by the compressor is part of the energy that the turbine recovers from the exhaust gases, a turbocharged engine not only increases the engine's power but also improves its thermal efficiency and reduces fuel consumption. If you see the Turbo or T logo on the back of the car, it means the engine is turbocharged.
Turbocharger is actually an air compressor, which uses the exhaust gas from the engine to inertial drive the turbine, and the turbine drives the coaxial impeller to compress the air sent by the air filter pipe, so that the air is pressurized into the cylinder. When the engine speed increases, the exhaust gas discharge speed and the turbine speed also increase simultaneously, the impeller will compress more air into the cylinder, the air pressure and density increase can burn more fuel, the corresponding increase in fuel and adjust the engine speed, you can increase the output power of the engine.