Because the speed of the car gasoline engine is higher than that of the diesel engine, the air flow rate is fast and the range of variation is large, so its turbocharger has higher requirements. Electronic injection system has been widely used in modern car engines. With the cooperation of electronic control technology and new materials, the application of turbocharger in gasoline engine will become increasingly common.
Exhaust gas turbochargers used in cars all use a single inlet turbine housing, that is to say, only use the exhaust gas pressure energy, do not need to use other auxiliary energy. Because the speed range of car engine is large, the exhaust gas turbocharger must have a regulating device, so that the engine can obtain a relatively constant pressurization pressure within a certain speed range. In addition, gasoline engines are ignited ignition, its compression ratio is limited to a certain range, too high will cause deflagration. Therefore, it is necessary to have a detonation detection and control mechanism to adjust the ignition advance Angle at any time.
The exhaust gas turbocharger of a car is generally installed near the exhaust pipe. The turbine and impeller are respectively installed in the turbine chamber and the turbocharger. The two are coaxial and rigidly connected and rotating synchronously.
When supercharging is not required, such as when idling or when there is a warning of deflagation, some of the exhaust will escape through the bypass valve instead of entering the turbocharger. When the engine speeds up to 2,000 revolutions per minute, the solenoid valve closes the bypass valve to direct the exhaust flow to one side of the turbine, turning it. Another design is to adjust the Angle of the turbine blade, and adjust the speed of the turbine through the change of resistance, thus changing the pressurization amount.
Cooling the air makes it contract and denser, cramming more air into the same volume and preventing deflagation. For this reason, car turbochargers are equipped with intercoolers, which are usually air-cooled and installed in front of, next to, or in a separate position in front of the engine radiator. The intercooler is cooled by the car's head-on air flow or its own fan.